Obscenity in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century France

The Role of Language in Accusations of Witchcraft in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Spain

Linguistic factors played a significant role in the origin and spread of accusations of witchcraft in Early Modern Spain. The preoccupation with witches’ words is at its root a preoccupation about the power of speech and, to a great extent, of female speech. Studies in some Early European countries have connected aggressive female speech styles with accusations of witchcraft, and this article o...

The development of the spa in seventeenth-century France.

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SPA In the Anglo-Saxon world the enthusiasm of the twentieth-century Frenchman for imbibing his country's mineral waters is proverbial. It is surprising, therefore, to discover that the French contribution to the resuscitation of the spa in the era of the Renaissance was minimal. For most of the sixteenth century, the nation that has given mankind the waters of Vichy an...

Women's Images Effaced: The Literary Portrait in Seventeenth-Century France

Discovery and Crisis in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

• Why did Europeans begin to amass overseas empires during the sixteenth century, and what effects did this experience have on both the Europeans and conquered peoples? • What role did religion play in the European wars of the sixteenth century and the Thirty Years’ War of the seventeenth century? • How did the religious policy, the foreign policy, and the governments of Philip II of Spain and ...

Unclean spirits. Possession and exorcism in France and England in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries

D. P. WALKER, Unclean spirits. Possession and exorcism in France and England in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, London, Scolar Press, 1980, 8vo, pp. 116, £9.95. Professor Walker's exact and concise book emerging from his Northcliffe Lectures at London University in 1979 investigates demoniacal possession in theory and practice in France and England chiefly in the late sixtee...